Cutubka 04 · Bogagga 44–54

Saacadda iyo MaalintaydaTime and My Daily Routine

Sheeg saacadda oo sharax waxaad maalin kasta samayso.

Waan sheegi karaa saacadda Ingiriisi.
Waan sharxi karaa maalintayda caadiga ah.

Dhegeysiga cutubkan (11)

Qaybaha cutubkan

4.1Telling the time — o'clock, past & toKey Language44
4.2More ways to say the timeFurther Examples44
4.3Past & to — your time referenceHow to Form44
4.4Write the time in fullExercise45
4.5Write the time you hearListening45
4.6Point and say the timeSpeaking46
4.7Present simple — my daily routineKey Language46
4.8The -s / -es endingPronunciation47
4.9Cabdiraxmaan's weekday in MogadishuListening47
4.10Build sentences about your daySpeaking48
4.11Frequency adverbsKey Language48
4.12Frequency adverbs in useFurther Examples49
4.13Put the frequency adverb in the right placeExercise49
4.14Interview your classmateSpeaking49

Ku celiRevision

4.1 Telling the time — o'clock, past & to

CabdiraxmaanExcuse me, Hodan. What time is it?

HodanIt's one o'clock.

CabdiraxmaanThank you. And now — what time is it?

HodanIt's half past seven. Seven thirty.

CabdiraxmaanIs it already quarter to nine?

HodanYes — it's quarter to nine. Eight forty-five.

NOTE: "o'clock" tells us it is exactly on the hour. It's one o'clock = 1:00.
NOTE: "half past" means 30 minutes after the hour. Half past seven = 7:30.
NOTE: "quarter to" means 15 minutes before the next hour. Quarter to nine = 8:45.

4.2 More ways to say the time

NOTE: Use either form in conversation — they mean the same thing.

4.3 Past & to — your time reference

Use "past" for the first 30 minutes of the hour. It's ten past six = 6:10.
Use "to" for the last 30 minutes before the next hour. It's ten to seven = 6:50.
"Half past" = 30 minutes after the hour. Half past seven = 7:30.

4.6 Point and say the time

Student AWhat time is it?

Student BIt's quarter past ten.

Take turns. Student A points to a clock and asks "What time is it?" Student B answers with a full sentence. Then swap roles.

4.7 Present simple — my daily routine

CabdiraxmaanI usually get up at five o'clock for Fajr prayer — the morning prayer. After Fajr, I have a cup of qaxwo — that's coffee. I have breakfast at around seven. Then I go to class at eight.

HodanWhat time does your first class start?

CabdiraxmaanIt starts at eight thirty. I never arrive late.

HodanI get up at five thirty for Fajr too. After prayer, I help my mother at home. Then I have breakfast and go to university at eight fifteen.

With "he", "she", or "it", add -s or -es to the verb. She gets up. He goes. It starts.
"I usually get up at…" — the word usually tells us this happens most of the time, not always.
"After Fajr, I…" — use "after" to connect a time anchor (prayer, meal) to the next action.

4.8 The -s / -es ending

The /ɪz/ ending adds an extra syllable: watch-es = two syllables; fin-ish-es = three syllables.

4.11 Frequency adverbs

HodanI always pray Fajr at five o'clock. Do you?

CabdiraxmaanYes, I always pray Fajr too. But I usually have qaxwo before I study.

HodanI sometimes have qaxwo in the morning. I never skip breakfast.

CabdiraxmaanMe neither. I rarely arrive late to class. How about you?

HodanI never arrive late! I always leave home at eight o'clock.

The frequency adverb goes BEFORE the main verb. I always get up at six. (NOT: I get up always…)
With "to be", the frequency adverb goes AFTER the verb. She is never late. (NOT: She never is late.)

4.12 Frequency adverbs in use

Notice "How about you?" and "We do the same." in natural conversation: Mia: "I usually study in the evening, after dinner. How about you?" Farah: "We do the same! I usually study after Cisha prayer — the night prayer."

4.14 Interview your classmate

Student AWhat time do you get up?

Student BI usually get up at six o'clock. How about you?

Student AI always get up at five — for Fajr prayer.

HodanGood evening, Liam! I just finished Cisha prayer — the night prayer — and now I am free. How was your day?

LiamGood evening! It is only seven p.m. here in London, so I just got home from the office. Long day! What do you usually do after your evening prayer?

HodanI usually have dinner with my family. We always eat together after Maqrib — the sunset prayer. Sometimes I have shaah — tea — and then I study.

LiamThat sounds lovely. How about in the morning? What time do you start your day?

HodanI always wake up at five for Fajr. After prayer, I have qaxwo — Somali coffee — with my mother. It is a calm time. Do you get up early too?

LiamFive o'clock! I never wake up before seven. But I understand — it is like my alarm clock. I cannot start the day without my morning coffee either. We do the same — just at different times!

Hodan smiled at her screen. She had never thought of Fajr as an alarm clock before — but she liked the idea. Different cities, different clocks, but the same need: a small quiet moment before the day begins.

Use the language from this unit: time expressions (half past, quarter to…), present simple verbs (get up, have, go to…), and frequency adverbs (always, usually, sometimes, never).
Use time expressions, frequency adverbs, and present simple verbs from this unit. It is fine to look at your notes at first, but try to speak more freely as you practice.